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驯鹿狂蝇生活习性的观察
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李云章1，岳峰1，杨晓野1，赵洪喜1，王志1，任子瑞2，王根云3
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(1.内蒙古农业大学 动物科学与医学学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特010018； 2.内蒙古根河市兽医工作站，
内蒙古 根河022350； 3.内蒙古呼和浩特市动物防疫监督检验所，内蒙古 呼和浩特010020)
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摘要：
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对感染驯鹿狂蝇幼虫驯鹿进行了剖检观察，证实狂蝇幼虫主要寄生于驯鹿鼻腔及咽喉黏膜，在当年的7月到翌年1月主要以一期幼虫为主，从翌年2～3月开始快速生长发育，在4～6月多为二、三期幼虫。从翌年5月开始，成熟的三期幼虫随驯鹿打喷嚏排出体外羽化为成蝇。通过对驯鹿狂蝇生活史的观察，表明在大兴安岭地区，驯鹿狂蝇三期幼虫在50%～70%的湿度、21.5℃的平均温度及21.5℃下的451.5～666.5℃总积温下，经21～31d羽化为成蝇，羽化率为59.6%。成蝇出现于6～9月份，在7～8月份达高峰期。驯鹿狂蝇1年发生一个世代，在驯鹿体内的寄生生活长达9～10个月;雌性成蝇每次产胎蚴30～80条，一生共产800～1000条;雌蝇寿命比雄蝇长，约为1～3周。 |
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关键词：
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驯鹿; 驯鹿狂蝇; 生活习性 |
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中图分类号：S 858.94：S 852.743
文献标识码：
A 文章编号：1673-4696(2006)07-0552-04 |
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Observations on the living-habits of Cephenemyia trompe in reindeer |
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LI Yun-zhang1,YUE Feng1 ,YANG
Xiao-ye1,ZHAO Hong-xi1,
WANG Zhi1,REN Zi-rui2,WANG Gen-yun3 |
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(1.College of Animal Science and Medicine,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China;
2.Veterinary Workstation of Genhe, Genhe 022350,China;
3.Institute of Animal Health Supervisory Inspection of Hohhot，Hohhot 010020,China) |
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Abstract: Anatomical diagnosis showed that Cephenemyia trompe larva parasitized mainly in nasal cavity, concha and throat of the infected reindeer. And from July to January of next year, most larvae were in the first stage, and then grew to second stage and third stage larvae in April to June. In May next year, mature larvae ejected by host to pupate accompanied by much snorting and sneezing of reindeers. Under the conditions of 50%-70% of air humidity, 21.5℃ of average temperature and 451.5-666.5℃ of total temperatures, the eclosion of the third stage larvae lasted for 21-31 days in area of Daxing’ anling, and the ratio of eclosion was 59.6%.The Cephenemyia trompe appeared from May to September every year, and reached the peak from July to August. The life span of C.trompe was one year in the area, its various larvae parasitized the hosts for 9-10 months, the mature female produced 30 to 80 larvae a time and produced total of 800-1000 larvae in a life-span, and the longevity of the female was approximately 1-3 weeks, longer than that of the male. |
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Key words: reindeers(Rangifer tarandus); Cephenemyia trompe; life-habits |
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Chinese Veterinary Science
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